Conflict of interest: ZW, BSL, and SLH are named as co-inventors on pending and issued patents held by the Cleveland Clinic relating to cardiovascular diagnostics and therapeutics, and have the right to receive royalty payment for inventions or discoveries related to cardiovascular diagnostics or therapeutics from Cleveland HeartLab, Quest Diagnostics, and Procter & Gamble
Thyroid function, intelligence, and low-moderate fluoride exposure among Chinese school-age children
However, there are biosimilars on which research is going to compete with Cosentyx
Intravenous L-carnitine increases plasma carnitine, reduces fatigue, and may preserve exercise capacity in hemodialysis patients
A 2020 case series presented at a neuropharmacology symposium reported subjective cognitive improvements (processing speed, verbal fluency, working memory tasks) at 12mg oral doses administered for four weeks, though the study lacked placebo controls or objective neuropsychological testing